Grade 3 Mathematics Chapter 8: Multiplication and Division Strategies
Student lessons | Practice | Teacher answers | Grade 3
This five-day chapter extends the developing course. It provides partial practice toward Grade 3 multiplication and division fluency; it does not establish full-year mastery. Keep student work private.
Day 1: Equal Groups and Turnaround Facts
Use equal groups and arrays to represent a product. Four rows of six give 4 x 6 = 24; rotating the array gives 6 x 4 = 24. Explain what each factor represents before using the turnaround fact.
Discuss a model, then complete the matching practice.
Day 2: Break Apart a Factor
Use a known fact to find an unknown one. For 7 x 6, split 7 into 5 and 2: (5 x 6) + (2 x 6) = 30 + 12 = 42. Both smaller products must use the same group size.
Discuss a model, then complete the matching practice.
Day 3: Use Related Division Facts
Multiplication and division are inverse relationships. From 6 x 8 = 48, find 48 / 6 = 8 and 48 / 8 = 6. Interpret the quotient as a number of groups or a number in each group.
Discuss a model, then complete the matching practice.
Day 4: Mixed Facts and Reasonableness
Choose a strategy, calculate accurately, and check with a related fact or model. Fluency means accurate, efficient and flexible work; speed alone does not show understanding.
Discuss a model, then complete the matching practice.
Day 5: Independent Fluency Check
Complete the following without a fact chart. A teacher may read directions but should not supply strategies. Record accuracy, strategy and efficiency privately; repeat later with different facts.
Discuss a model, then complete the matching practice.