Kindergarten Mathematics: Chapter 4 | Comparing Numbers, Measurement and Shapes
Student textbook: read every lesson and study its worked examples before attempting the separate six-question daily practice workbook. This is a five-day chapter, not a full year.
Lesson 1: Compare Numbers Within 20
Read and understand
Use a line of counters to compare two collections. A number with more counters is greater. Eleven is less than fourteen because fourteen has three additional counters. Match each object only once when counting. If two sets have the same number, they are equal.
Teach and model
Have the learner explain the topic using a drawing, counters, a safe object, or an oral retelling. A responsible adult models one answer without supplying the rest.
Check your reading
- Which is greater: 12 or 15?
- Which is less: 18 or 16?
- Complete: 11 __ 13 (less than, greater than, equal).
Lesson 2: Measure Length Informally
Read and understand
Line up a row of equal-size blocks along an object without gaps or overlaps. Count how many blocks long the object is. A paper strip may be five cubes long while a pencil is seven cubes long. Because objects have different lengths, we must use the same unit to compare fairly.
Teach and model
Have the learner explain the topic using a drawing, counters, a safe object, or an oral retelling. A responsible adult models one answer without supplying the rest.
Check your reading
- What should you line up when measuring with cubes?
- Should cubes have gaps between them?
- Which is longer: 7 cubes or 4 cubes?
Lesson 3: Compare Weight and Capacity
Read and understand
Heavier means more weight, while lighter means less. A balance can compare objects directly. Capacity is the amount a container can hold. A larger-looking container does not always hold more, so we test by pouring water using safe equipment with an adult.
Teach and model
Have the learner explain the topic using a drawing, counters, a safe object, or an oral retelling. A responsible adult models one answer without supplying the rest.
Check your reading
- Which tool compares how heavy two objects are?
- What word means holds more liquid?
- Does taller always mean greater capacity?
Lesson 4: Make Two-Dimensional Shapes
Read and understand
Triangles have three straight sides. Rectangles have four straight sides and four corners. Squares are rectangles with equal sides. A circle has no straight sides or corners. Shapes keep their names when rotated. Draw and describe one feature of each.
Teach and model
Have the learner explain the topic using a drawing, counters, a safe object, or an oral retelling. A responsible adult models one answer without supplying the rest.
Check your reading
- How many sides in a triangle?
- How many corners in a rectangle?
- Is a square a type of rectangle?
Lesson 5: Independent Math Check
Read and understand
Use counters for comparing, repeat identical units for measuring, and identify shapes by attributes. Demonstrate a comparison with a drawing, then answer without seeing the teacher key.
Teach and model
Have the learner explain the topic using a drawing, counters, a safe object, or an oral retelling. A responsible adult models one answer without supplying the rest.
Check your reading
- Which is greater: 16 or 19?
- Which is shorter: 3 blocks or 8 blocks?
- How many sides does a square have?
Chapter 4 Wrap-up
Review vocabulary and examples from the five lessons, then complete the matching Chapter 4 practice.